Analysis Variables

Question: Give a Descriptive Analysis for the variables. Answer: It is observed that out of 196 respondents, about 121 respondents used the mobile for checking the instagram page while the 48 users use the computer for checking the instagram page. About 27 users or respondents use the tablet for checking the new launched instagram page. It is observed that the about 70 users use the morning time for accessing the instagram page while 31 respondents use the midday time for the same purpose. It is observed that about 44 users or respondents use the afternoon time for checking instagram page while about 51 respondents use the night time for accessing the instagram page. It is observed that there are 91 male respondent and 105 female respondents present in the given data set. The average length of time for the male is observed as the 42.63 seconds with the standard deviation of 21.67 seconds while the average length of time for the female is observed as 46 seconds with the standard deviation of 24.25 seconds. The average perception of instagram is giv en as 25.1786 with the standard deviation of 17.94. The correlation coefficient is found as 0.073 which means there is a very weak linear association or correlation or linear relationship exists between the given two variables gender and length of time. The multiple regression coefficients between the dependent variable number of times visited and independent variables length of time and perception of instagram is given as 0.726 which means there is a considerable amount of relationship exists between the given dependent and independent variables. The coefficient of determination or the value of the R square is given as 0.527 which means about 52.7% of the variation in the dependent variable is explained by the independent variables such as length of time and perception of instagram. Descriptive Analysis In this section we have to see the descriptive statistics for the variables included in the given data set. As we know that the descriptive statistics gives us the general idea about the variable under study. Descriptive statistics consist of the study of the mean, mode, median, maximum, minimum, standard deviation, range, etc. Let us see this descriptive statistics for the different variables under study given as below: First of all we have to see the frequency distribution for the device used for the purpose of checking the instagram page. The frequency distribution is given as below: 18271645_1 = MOBILE, 2 = TABLET, 3 = COMPUTER Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Mobile 121 61.7 61.7 61.7 Tablet 27 13.8 13.8 75.5 Computer 48 24.5 24.5 100.0 Total 196 100.0 100.0 From this table it is observed that out of 196 respondents, about 121 respondents used the mobile for checking the instagram page while the 48 users use the computer for checking the instagram page. About 27 users or respondents use the tablet for checking the new launched instagram page. Now, we have to see the bar chart for the above frequency distribution for the type of device used for checking the instagram page. The bar chart is given as below: Now, we have to see the frequency distribution for the time of the day used by the user for checking or accessing the instagram page. The frequency distribution for the time of the day used by the user for accessing the instagram page is given as below: 18271645_1 = MORNING, 2 = MIDDAY, 3 = AFTERNOON, 4 = NIGHT Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Morning 70 35.7 35.7 35.7 Midday 31 15.8 15.8 51.5 Afternoon 44 22.4 22.4 74.0 Night 51 26.0 26.0 100.0 Total 196 100.0 100.0 From this frequency distribution it is observed that the about 70 users use the morning time for accessing the instagram page while 31 respondents use the midday time for the same purpose. It is observed that about 44 users or respondents use the afternoon time for checking instagram page while about 51 respondents use the night time for accessing the instagram page. Now, we have to see the bar diagram for the above frequency distribution for the time of the day used by the user for accessing the instagram page which is given as below: From this bar diagram it is observed that most of the users use the instagram page at the morning time. So, it is recommended that focus on the morning time for making more advertisements or other activities when most of the users are online. Now, we have to see the frequency distribution for the gender of the respondent which is given as below: 18271645_1 = FEMALE, 2 = MALE Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Male 91 46.4 46.4 46.4 Female 105 53.6 53.6 100.0 Total 196 100.0 100.0 From the above table, it is observed that there are 91 male respondent and 105 female respondents present in the given data set. The bar diagram for this frequency distribution is given as below: For the variable length of time in seconds, the descriptive statistics for the male and female are summarised in the following table: Group Statistics 18271645_1 = FEMALE, 2 = MALE N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean 18271645_LENGTH OF TIME (SECONDS) Male 91 42.6264 21.66649 2.27126 Female 105 46.0000 24.24554 2.36612 The average length of time for the male is observed as the 42.63 seconds with the standard deviation of 21.67 seconds while the average length of time for the female is observed as 46 seconds with the standard deviation of 24.25 seconds. Now, we have to see the descriptive statistics for the variable perception of instagram which is summarised in the following table: Descriptive Statistics N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation 18271645_PERCEPTION OF INSTAGRAM (Constant sum) 196 .00 60.00 25.1786 17.94018 Valid N (listwise) 196 The average perception of instagram is given as 25.1786 with the standard deviation of 17.94. Now, we have to see the variation pattern for the four items of social posers instagram involvements. The standard deviations for these variables are summarised as below: Descriptive Statistics N Std. Deviation 18271645_II_5: Instagram is great for sharing my life with others 196 1.82732 18271645_II_7: I could go a week without visiting Instagram 196 1.84209 18271645_II_8: All my friends use Instagram regularly 196 1.93486 18271645_II_10: I care about what people think of my Instagram account 196 1.86167 Valid N (listwise) 196 Inferential Analysis In this section, first of all we have to see the correlation coefficients between the two variables gender and length of the time which is given as below: Correlations 18271645_1 = FEMALE, 2 = MALE 18271645_LENGTH OF TIME (SECONDS) 18271645_1 = FEMALE, 2 = MALE Pearson Correlation 1 .073 Sig. (2-tailed) .309 N 196 196 18271645_LENGTH OF TIME (SECONDS) Pearson Correlation .073 1 Sig. (2-tailed) .309 N 196 196 The correlation coefficient is found as 0.073 which means there is a very weak linear association or correlation or linear relationship exists between the given two variables. Now, we have to see the regression model for the purpose of the prediction of the dependent variable number of times repeated. The regression model is given as below: Model Summary Model R R Square Adjusted R Square Std. Error of the Estimate 1 .726a .527 .522 2.17910 a. Predictors: (Constant), 18271645_LENGTH OF TIME (SECONDS), 18271645_PERCEPTION OF INSTAGRAM (Constant sum) The multiple regression coefficient between the dependent variable number of times visited and independent variables length of time and perception of instagram is given as 0.726 which means there is a considerable amount of relationship exists between the given dependent and independent variables. The coefficient of determination or the value of the R square is given as 0.527 which means about 52.7% of the variation in the dependent variable is explained by the independent variables such as length of time and perception of instagram. The ANOVA table for this regression analysis is given as below: ANOVAb Model Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. 1 Regression 1019.848 2 509.924 107.387 .000a Residual 916.453 193 4.748 Total 1936.301 195 a. Predictors: (Constant), 18271645_LENGTH OF TIME (SECONDS), 18271645_PERCEPTION OF INSTAGRAM (Constant sum) b. Dependent Variable: 18271645_FIRST MONTH OF LAUNCH (number of times visited) For this regression analysis we get the p-value as 0.00 which is less than the given level of significance or alpha value 0.05, so we reject the null hypothesis that the given regression model is significant. This means the regression model is not significant. The coefficients for this regression model are summarised in the following table: Coefficients Model Unstandardized Coefficients Standardized Coefficients t Sig. B Std. Error Beta 1 (Constant) .307 .352 .872 .384 18271645_PERCEPTION OF INSTAGRAM (Constant sum) .113 .010 .641 11.655 .000 18271645_LENGTH OF TIME (SECONDS) .022 .008 .161 2.921 .004 a. Dependent Variable: 18271645_FIRST MONTH OF LAUNCH (number of times visited) The regression equation for the above regression analysis is given as below: Number of times visited = 0.307 + 0.113*Perception of instagram + 0.022*length of time Results and Interpretations It is observed that out of 196 respondents, about 121 respondents used the mobile for checking the instagram page while the 48 users use the computer for checking the instagram page. About 27 users or respondents use the tablet for checking the new launched instagram page. It is observed that the about 70 users use the morning time for accessing the instagram page while 31 respondents use the midday time for the same purpose. It is observed that about 44 users or respondents use the afternoon time for checking instagram page while about 51 respondents use the night time for accessing the instagram page. It is observed that there are 91 male respondent and 105 female respondents present in the given data set. The average length of time for the male is observed as the 42.63 seconds with the standard deviation of 21.67 seconds while the average length of time for the female is observed as 46 seconds with the standard deviation of 24.25 seconds. The average perception of instagram is given as 25.1786 with the standard deviation of 17.94. The correlation coefficient is found as 0.073 which means there is a very weak linear association or correlation or linear relationship exists between the given two variables gender and length of time. References Schervish, Mark J. (1995). Theory of statistics (Corr. 2nd print. ed.). New York: Springer Moses, Lincoln E. (1986) Think and Explain with Statistics, Addison-Wesley Hays, William Lee, (1973) Statistics for the Social Sciences, Holt, Rinehart and Winston Rubin, Donald B.; Little, Roderick J. A., Statistical analysis with missing data, New York: Wiley 2002 Mosteller, F., Tukey, J. W. (1977). Data analysis and regression. Boston: Addison-Wesley. Mann, Prem S. (1995). Introductory Statistics (2nd ed.). Wiley. Babbie, Earl R. (2009). The Practice of Social Research (12th ed.). Wadsworth. Nick, Todd G. (2007). "Descriptive Statistics". Topics in Biostatistics.New York: Springer. Trochim, William M. K. (2006). "Descriptive statistics". Research Methods Knowledge Base.

The Factory by Mary Dilworth free essay sample

In the story The Factory the author Mary Dilworth writes about one of the nowadays main questions: what to choose when we have to decide between family or further a privat life for your own and career. Through out her characters she shows what can happen when the family feels left behind. And puts up the question what is really worth to achieve in life. The narrator of the story always hated the factory (p. 1 l. 1), though she worked once herself in a factory as the bosss secretary, where she also met her nowadays husband (p. 1 l. 20-22). Her hate against this institution is so strong, that she often imagined it burning down (Ive often imagined it without its red bricks, just an etching of black against a red sky p. 1 l. 2-3). I assume that the narrator is rather introvert or at least not very talkative when it comes to her own thoughts and emotions towards the factory. We will write a custom essay sample on The Factory by Mary Dilworth or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page (Of course, Ive never said anything about this to anyone. p. 1 l. 4)Infact it seems as she had grown accustom to it. But not only her attitude towards the factory seems to differ from Erics but also her lifestyle in general seems to be the complete opposite of his; as she enjoys the natural beauty of the night with its stars and stays up late. While he goes to bed early so that he feels fresh then for the next day (p. 1 l. 18) and always reads the business section of the newspaper (p. 1 l. 10). That way focuses on his work in the factory and his daily routine. He didnt have much eduacation (p. 1 l. 18-19), probably because he rather grew up poor and didnt had the chance to get a higher eduacation. This could have caused that he is so ambitious with his factory and his work; that he wants to achieve more than his parents. The factory and his on the factory depending routine are the things that matter to him the most. What can be seen in the title of the text as well as in the fact that in the text itself the narrator never directly says anything about their love and feelings for each other as a married couple, but Erics routine and the factory and how she feels about the factory. To have a guess about the importancy of the factory to him is that he even would have sold almost anything to have [his sign in those flashing neon lights that the city firms can afford] (p. 1 l. 5-8). The fact that he focuses absolutely on his work causes serious relationship problems in the engagement of the narrator and Eric; he is whether working or having a time for himself (He always says that after such a busy day at the factory, he needs to sit and think p. 2 l. 13-14). So the reader gets the impression their arent spending much time together – except for having breakfast, lunch and dinner together or having actually something like a harmonic parship. He treats her work as housewife with a kind of disrespect when is only appearing for the meals during which where he reads instead of having a conversation with her. While he goes to bed early to give his best at work the next day he doesnt notice at all how his wife feels when she stays up at night, hoping the factory will burn down. Summarized it can be said, that there is a lack of communication in their relationship, caused by his ambitions for his success with his factory. Red is in the story not just the colour of fire but also of love and passion, which the narrator misses currently. The gray that her husband became is the colour of routine, boredom and daily routine. In the ending of the story it becomes clear to the reader that the scenery the narrator always dreamed about eventually became true; Erics factory burned down. Easily the reader gets the impression that the narrator could have something to do with it. At least she could have called the fire brigade early, but she just happily watched it burning. I think the story shows that having a successful career isnt every thing to have in life and a very insecure way to happiness because a career can be easily destroyed – like in Erics case by a burned down factory. You cant force happiness to come by being ambitious and focused on work and going to bed early – its not enough to make a happy life. So I think the story also critizes the proverb Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. Because Eric followed this rules and struggled despite of that. Even when you want to achieve a good position at your working place you should though try to find a compromise, something inbetween, because sooner or later you wont be able to work anymore for some reason and then you will have nothing left behind.

High School Entrance Essay Topics That Will Stand Out

High School Entrance Essay Topics That Will Stand OutHigh school entrance essays are among the most difficult parts of the application process. In order to pass, you will need to demonstrate knowledge and skill in areas that the admissions officer sees as relevant to your educational and extracurricular interests. Essays are a crucial part of the application process, and because they are such an important factor, it is important to choose high school entrance essay topics that match your unique skills and interests. The following ideas can help you plan your essay.High school entrance essay topics are typically broad topics that can help you express your interests in specific academic areas. The type of topic you should choose will depend on your major. If you are writing a general essay about your own interests, choose a broad topic that you have learned about or that you find interesting.Some high school entrance essay topics will require more detailed information. Students who wan t to focus on a single area can write about what they find fascinating or exciting about the topic. It is not difficult to do, and it will make your essay more thoughtful and concise.For the more involved topic, you will need to present specific information in a variety of ways. Your essay may feature a narrative, which is a direct presentation of a case. A survey, which includes surveys, questions, and other data, may also be used. Consider presenting research or literature in this way.You may want to use the third person, which is similar to the first person narration used in essays. This is appropriate for written accounts of the events that led to a particular decision. It can also be used to share personal thoughts about the topic.High school entrance essay topics that include personal anecdotes and ideas should be brief and easy to understand. The writer must avoid using too much technical jargon, which can sound dry and boring. A well-chosen anecdote is often a great idea to allow the reader to feel a sense of familiarity with the writer and their views.High school entrance essay topics should be short, so the writer doesn't forget important details. They should also be concise, allowing the writer to convey an important point quickly and easily. Essay topics should be clear and simple.High school entrance essay topics should always be researched and convincing. Sometimes choosing a more descriptive theme can work better. The key is to provide an interesting perspective on the topic and present it in a way that will impress the admissions officer.

“Effects of adapting International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) on the Financial Statements and Reporting Quality of the Micro Finance Institutions in Uganda” The WritePass Journal

â€Å"Effects of adapting International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) on the Financial Statements and Reporting Quality of the Micro Finance Institutions in Uganda† 1. Introduction: â€Å"Effects of adapting International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) on the Financial Statements and Reporting Quality of the Micro Finance Institutions in Uganda† 1. Introduction:   2.   Objective:3. Literature Review:3.1 Introduction:3.2 What is Micro Finance?3.3 Micro finance reporting standard:3.4 Overview of Micro Finance Industry in Uganda:3.5 Regulatory Structure for Micro Finance in Uganda:3.6 Overview of Accounting System in Uganda:3.7 Adaptation of IFRS in Uganda:4. Methodology: 5. Conclusion: 6. References:Related 1. Introduction: Over the years Microfinance has become a diverse and growing industry. There are over hundreds of institutions in Uganda providing micro finance services (check website), ranging from grass roots self-help groups and NGOs to commercial banks that provide financial services to millions of microenterprises and low-income households. These Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) receive support and services not only from donor agencies, but also from investors, lenders, network organizations, rating firms, and a host of other specialized businesses. MFIs must follow an industry: Understanding the difference between arrears and portfolio at risk is important. Arrears measure the sum of all past due payments, whereas portfolio at risk is the total value of loans outstanding that have one or more past due payment. The word delinquency may refer to either, which leads to confusion. As mentioned above MFIs also find it hard to comply with the International Financial Reporting Standards completely. For Example: MFIs normally follow a mixed accounting system where the accrual method of accounting is used for expenses and the cash method is used for interest earned on loans.   Although the cash method of accounting may be acceptable for internal management reports, but according to IFRS and IAS an adjustment for accrued interest is required. Therefore, the study will be identifying the differences in the financial reports of the MFIs compared to the IFRS.    2.   Objective: The major objective of the study is to gain an extensive understanding of the Micro Finance sector in Uganda and to identify the effects caused by the implementation of IFRS in the financial statements. While analyzing the implementation of IFRS, the focus of the study is also to identify the differences in the financial statements and reports and whether it complies with IFRS. 3. Literature Review: 3.1 Introduction: Research has been conducted assessing Uganda’s accounting and auditing practices to ensure the quality of corporate financial reporting (Uganda, Accounting Auditing, ROSC, 2005). Further more literature related to the micro finance industries consists of mainly its impact (USAID, 2001) and effects on poverty reduction (J. Morduch B. Hale, 2001). Few guidelines and surveys were conducted by the SEEP Network and CGAP to determine the reporting standard of the Micro finance industry. 3.2 What is Micro Finance? According to Marguerite Robinson the definition of Micro Finance is â€Å"Micro Finance refers to small scale financial services for both credits and deposits that are provided to people who performs agricultural activities; operate small and medium enterprises in developing countries, in both rural and urban areas†. Micro-finance means transactions in small amounts of both credit and saving, involving mainly small-scale and medium-scale businesses and producers. Micro Finance Institution (MFI) set up centers in targeted areas with group members. These group members consists of 25-40 members per groups, this number will vary with different MFIs. The loans are normally disbursed to two or three of the members of self-selected groups (mostly female groups) and the whole group becomes responsible for the repayment by their fellow members. The other members only get their loans when the initial borrowers pay their installments regularly. Members have to attend regular meetings, usually weekly, to repay their loans. The history of microfinance is often associated with the rise of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) providing microcredit services to the poor and the development of a handful of microfinance banks. In the early 1990s, standards began to emerge calling for stronger financial management of microcredit providers, particularly in their delinquency management and reporting. At the same time, credit unions and banks involved in micro lending developed stronger monitoring techniques for their microcredit portfolios. As the micro finance industry grew in capacity and outreach the competition also started to increase, therefore, it became important for the industry to introduce a reporting standard which will increase transparency, facilitate comparability, improve decision-making, and increase investment by making it easier to observe and understand an MFI’s financial health. 3.3 Micro finance reporting standard: Microfinance as an industry does not have a central body or mechanism to address compliance or updates to financial reporting standards. MFIs worldwide do not follow standards, and are only now beginning to use tools like International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS)(new developments in mfis). IFRS  is a principle based set of 37 accounting standards. As the need for consistent worldwide reporting standards grows, the goal is to provide a general financial reporting guidance for public companies. Within the European Union (EU) companies with securities listed on stock exchange must adopt  IFRS  for their consolidated financial statements starting in 2005. Many other countries worldwide require  IFRS  as the leading reporting standard. Over 100 countries are currently using IFRS. There are many reasons for implementing  IFRS. Most important is the comparability of financial statements worldwide. For investors and auditors the  IFRS  provide a cohesive view of the consolidated financial statements. (http://ifrs-ebooks.com/ifrs-explanation.html) Since 1990, MFIs have grown in size, type, number, and complexity (BoU report). At the same time, more emphasis has been placed on financial accountability, management, and viability. A growing acceptance of standards for micro finance has emerged since the early 1990s. In 1995, The SEEP Network produced a monograph, Financial Ratio Analysis of micro finance Institutions, which became the standard set of 16 ratios that micro finance institutions monitored. Then, in 2002, micro finance institutions, The SEEP Network, rating firms and donor agencies jointly developed Microfinance Financial Definitions Guidelines: Definitions of Selected Financial Terms, Ratios, and Adjustments for microfinance, known as the Financial Definitions Guidelines. 3.4 Overview of Micro Finance Industry in Uganda: Uganda occupies an area of 241,038 sq km[1] in the heart of East Africa, with a total of over 34.6 million (July 2011 est.)[2]. Approximately 94 percent of the poor live in rural areas where about 75 percent of the population lives (CGAP, 2004) and depend on Agriculture, which contributes about 36.1 percent of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Uganda’s financial system is characterized by the co-existence of formal and informal financial markets. The formal financial markets, which mainly comprise of commercial banks, development banks and credit institutions mainly exist in urban areas and offer a narrow range of financial services. They concentrate on providing working capital mainly to medium and large-scale enterprises. Furthermore, the formal financial institutions are inflexible in their operations, with respect to the needs of the small-scale enterprises and the poor people in the rural areas who may not have collateral or well-written feasibility studies to solicit for loans. As such, the rural areas, where the majority of poor people live, remain either under-banked or served by informal financial institutions. MFIs in Uganda consist of moneylenders, micro-finance agencies, Non Government Organizations (NGOs), rural farmers’ schemes and savings societies that provide savings and/or credit facilities to micro and small-scale business people who have experienced difficulties obtaining such services from the formal financial institutions. Their range of activities include; deposit taking, savings schemes, small-scale enterprises, agriculture, real estate, group lending, retail financial services, giving advice on financial matters and training in business management. The Microfinance industry in Uganda is in its advanced stage of evolution. Since the 1990s, Uganda has created a success story by developing the market for microfinance services, which has been considered a role model for Africa and even other regions (Goodwin-Groen et al. 2004). Its growth and development will be a function of the support and effort of practitioners, donors and the Government working together to create an enabling environment for its development. It is readily apparent that the Government is committed to economic and financial reforms. In addition to the other reforms being implemented through its economic policy framework, the Government has shown its commitment to reforming the financial sector.   Operationalization of the Microfinance Policy and the legal and regulatory framework indicates renewed efforts and commitment to improving the financial system. The Government is acutely aware of the limitation of the traditional banking sectors ability to mobilize sav ings from and extends credit to poor people in rural and urban areas. This population has a weak financial resource base and is in dire need of financial services that cater for its unique circumstances. 3.5 Regulatory Structure for Micro Finance in Uganda: The current financial sector policy in Uganda aims primarily at systemic safety and soundness as a supporting bedrock for orderly growth. The policy, drafted by the BoU and approved by Government following multiple bank failures of the late 1990s, was significantly informed by the bitter lessons learnt from these failures and by incidences of fraudulent organizations that fleece the public.   The role of Bank of Uganda, the financial sector regulator, is to ensure systemic safety, soundness and stability of the whole financial sector, and protection of public deposits in the regulated financial institutions. Bank of Uganda issued the policy statement in July 1999 that established a tiered regulatory framework for microfinance business within the broader financial sector. The policy established four categories of institutions that can do micro-financing business in Uganda: Tier 1: Commercial banks.  Ã‚   Banks are regulated under the Financial Institutions Act revised in 2004. Since these are already sufficiently capitalized and meet the requirements for taking deposits as provided for in this Act, they are allowed to go into the business of microfinance at their discretion. Tier 2: Credit Institutions (CIs).   These institutions are also regulated under the Financial Institutions Act 2004. A number of them offer both savings and loan products but they can neither operate cheque/ current accounts nor be part of the BoU Clearing House.   Like banks, they are permitted to conduct microfinance business since they are already sufficiently capitalized and meet the requirements for taking deposits provided for in the Act. Tier 3: Micro Finance Deposit Taking Institutions (MDIs).   This is the category of financial institutions that was created following the enactment of the MDI Act. Originally doing business as NGOs and companies limited by guarantee, these institutions transformed into shareholding companies, changed their ownership and transformed/ graduated into prudentially regulated financial intermediaries. They are licensed under the MDI Act and are subjected to MDI Regulations by BoU. Like Tier I and II institutions (banks and CIs), the MDIs are required to adhere to prescribed limits and benchmarks on core capital, liquidity ratios, ongoing capital adequacy ratios (in relation to risk weighted assets), asset quality and to strict, regular reporting requirements. Tier 4: All other financial services providers outside BoU oversight. This category has SACCOs and all microfinance institutions that are not regulated such as credit-only NGOs, microfinance companies and community-based organizations in the business of microfinance.   These institutions have a special role in deepening geographical and poverty outreach, and in other ways extending the frontiers of financial services to poorer, remote rural people. 3.6 Overview of Accounting System in Uganda: The Institute of Certified Public Accountants of Uganda (ICPAU) is the only statutory licensing body of professional accountants in Uganda. It was established by the Accountants Statute, 1992, but did not commence operations until 1995. The ICPAU is empowered by the statute to establish accounting standards and to act as a self-regulatory organization for professional accountants, which includes requirements for practicing as a professional accountant in Uganda. The functions of the Institute, as prescribed by the Act, are: To regulate and maintain the standard of accountancy in Uganda; To prescribe or regulate the conduct of accountants in Uganda. The objectives, of the institute included the regulation of accounting practice and the provision of guidance on standards to be used in the preparation of financial statements. As with most developing countries, and in cognizance with developments in the area of accounting at a global level, the ICPAU in 1999 adopted International Accounting Standards (IAS) without any amendments (Dumontier and Raffournier, 1998). Prior to the adoption of IAS, there had been a proliferation of approaches to the preparation and presentation of financial statements in Uganda. One of the more obvious approaches to the presentation of financial statements was based on references to Generally Accepted Accounting Standards (GAAS) and firm law (Samuel Sejjaak, 2003). 3.7 Adaptation of IFRS in Uganda: Since 1998, the Council of ICPAU has adopted International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs, IASs, SIC and IFRIC Interpretations) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB), without amendment, for application in Uganda (IFRS for SMEs). International Financial Reporting Standards set out recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure requirements dealing with transactions and other events and conditions that are important in general purpose financial statements. The adoption of IFRS in Uganda to a larger extent is influenced by external factors such as foreign investors, international accounting firms, and international financial organizations among others. However, unless a country opens its doors to these institutions, there is little they can do to politicize the adoption process. The implication is that the more a country is opened to the international environment, the higher the possibility that the country would be coaxed into adopting International Financial Reporting Standards. 4. Methodology: The research will be conducted in an attempt to analyse the index and the quality of the accounting statements of the micro finance industry. Due to this reason the target of this study is the collection of empirical observations concerned to the effect of the adaptation of International Accounting Standards to the quality and quantity of the accounting information that are published. The work of this study will be based on desk research only. A desk-based research will be initiated to make the essential link between theoretical frameworks and empirical observation. Mainly the study will focus on the comparative examination of the annual Financial Statements of Micro Finance Institutions in Uganda registered by the Bank of Uganda (BoU). To examine and analyse the content of those Financial Statements so as to meet the objectives of the project and derive conclusions, the following methods will be taken into consideration. Content analysis has been defined as a systematic, replicable technique for compressing many words of text into fewer content categories based on explicit rules of coding (Berelson, 1952; GAO, 1996; Krippendorff, 1980; and Weber, 1990).  Content analysis enables researchers to sift through large volumes of data with relative ease in a systematic fashion (GAO, 1996). It can be a useful technique for allowing us to discover and describe the focus of individual, group, institutional, or social attention (Weber, 1990). There are two general categories of content analysis: conceptual analysis and relational analysis. Conceptual analysis can be thought of as establishing the existence and frequency of concepts – most often represented by words of phrases – in a text. In contrast, relational analysis goes one step further by examining the relationships among concepts in a text. (Writing Guides, http://writing.colostate.edu/guides/research/content/com2d3.cfm) Another method that can be very significant to the study is the Comparative analysis. Comparative research, simply put, is the act of comparing two or more things with a view to discovering something about one or all of the things being compared. This method may also be appropriate for the study, as it will provide a comparison between the financial accounts of the MFIs with the IFRS. Both content analysis and comparative analysis can be used for the determination of the study. Although there are some limitations with both methods it is thought as the most appropriate methods/tools for the purpose of the study. [TC1] 5. Conclusion: Over the last two decade micro finance has transformed itself to a multi million-dollar industry. To continue its work in poverty reduction MFIs requires support from the international investors and donors. For this they would require to provide evidence of success, sustainability and transparency through the financial statements and reports. MFIs would require presenting the reports in a standardized format, which can be understood by the interest groups. Hence, the implementation of the IFRS became very important in this sector. However, it became quite difficult for the micro finance industry to totally comply with IFRS. Therefore, it is important to understand the effects of IFRS in the micro finance industry and what are differences that arise as the result of the implementation.[TC3] 6. References: [1] Source: CIA – The World Fact book Website: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ug.html [2] Source: CIA – The World Fact book Website: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ug.html   [TC1]Not clear what will you use for the study.   [TC2]  [TC2]Maybe you can elaborate more on each method, and then discuss which method you are choosing and why?   [TC3]End with a statement on how this research is going to achieve this goal†¦

A Report On Effectiveness Of Ultrasound Education Essay

Title of this survey is:Effectiveness of Ultrasound ( US ) imaging in Genito-urinary system ( GUS ) for diagnostic intents: A comprehensive comparing with other modes in position of safety and handiness.Every mode has some sort of restrictions and advantages. Safety is a major issue in utilizing imaging techniques. Ultrasound is considered as one of the safest and most readily available imaging mode ( Bates, 1999 ) . However, these advantages do non warrant the undermining of the other modes, because restrictions in ultrasound can be overcome by other modes for patient directions. GUT is prone to many diseases in which some of them are life endangering ( Ref ) , patient directions require an efficient method for diagnosing. Sonography plays a great function in this respect. Some of the common GUT diseases: Infection, Glomerular disease, Diseases related to blood circulation:Atherosclerosis can do hypofunction. High blood pressure can take to mortification of the glomeruli. Metabolic disease:chronic nephritic failure, diabetes. Cysts:lone, multiple, inborn Tumors:affects kidney, ureter, vesica and urethra Renal cell carcinoma:Wilm ‘s tumor Bladder tumors Nephritic rocks and urinary piece of land obstructor Survey Purposes: Advantages and disadvantages of US imaging in GUT. Can US be the first mode of pick in GUT imagination? Study Aims: Study the usage of US imaging in GUT. Study the restriction of US imaging in GUT. Accuracy of US imaging for diagnostic intents. Cover the latest engineering in US imagination. Background Ultrasound is a sound wave that can non be heard by human ears, it uses a frequence above 20,000 Hz ( Ref ) . The moving ridges are converted by engineering to enable us to see constructions within our organic structures, which is really utile for medical intents ( Szabo, 2004 ) . Ultrasound attenuates otherwise in human organic structure depending on tissues ‘ fading coefficients, and tissues reflect wave otherwise, in which a assortment of strength and contrast images are produced. Main advantages of ultrasound compared to other modes that justify this survey are: No major known hazard Immediate diagnose or referral for farther scrutiny Readily available Short waiting clip Patient convenience Cost effectual Real clip image Non-invasive Good contrast of soft tissue Can separate between stable and traveling tissue ( Doppler consequence ) Ultrasound scrutiny in GUT has a broad scope of usage. Imaging starts from kidneys down to bladder, urethra, and venereal variety meats. Ultrasound can observe many pathologies and abnormalcies in this system without the demand for farther scrutinies. In fact, some pathology such as obstructors and tumors can be detected without intercessions, while other modes intervene such as utilizing contrast agents ( Ref ) . Other modes used in GUT X-ray utilizations ionizing radiation as the rule of bring forthing radiogram, widely used in initial GUT scrutinies for being convenience and fast with high rate of diagnostic value images ( ref ) . Computed Tomography ( CT ) Scan, uses ionizing radiation as the rule of bring forthing radiogram, widely used for farther scrutiny in GUT system. Produces high-resolution two-dimensional images ( can be reconstructed to 3-dimension ) . Very sensitive in observing different lesions, concretion, obstructor and bleeding. Main concern about utilizing CT is the high radiation dosage to the patient ( Ref ) . Magnetic Resonance Imaging ( MRI ) , uses a strong magnetic field to aline H atoms in the organic structure, pulsations of wireless moving ridges sent to realine and aline H atoms, during this, H atoms let go of energy, which is detected to bring forth great contrast images peculiarly of soft tissue. MRI scan can supply definite reply to uncertain instances because of its superior soft-tissue contrast when other mode can non. The function of MRI in GUT is largely in distinguishing benign lesions from malignant if CT has contraindication to the patient ( Ref ) . Nuclear Medicine Imaging ( NMI ) , Radiopharmaceuticals administered to the patients so that the patient become radioactive, Gamma camera scan the patient and detects gamma beam emitted from the radiation and so concept images from these informations. NMI chiefly used to analyze the map in GUT system and look into the obstructors ( Ref ) . This thesis reviews literature in relation to ultrasound scrutiny in GUT system. Comparing the usage of other mode while look intoing pathology of a patient. Why in some instances ultrasound is the first pick of usage, why it is non in other instances? This paper can heighten the advantages of the scrutiny and reexamine the progresss in this engineering, these can back up patient directions and besides be used in instruction. The inquiry needs to be answered in this survey: is US effectual plenty to be the first pick scrutiny in GUT system issues? What makes it to be the first pick? What makes it non to be? The survey efforts to analyze the conditions in which US scrutiny can supply doubtless replies to indicants. All beginnings that have relevant information will be used, and the chief database hunt will be Medline, CINAHL, Psycinfo, Embase, AMED, PubMed and e-books. A Report On Effectiveness Of Ultrasound Education Essay Title of this survey is:Effectiveness of Ultrasound ( US ) imaging in Genito-urinary system ( GUS ) for diagnostic intents: A comprehensive comparing with other modes in position of safety and handiness.Every mode has some sort of restrictions and advantages. Safety is a major issue in utilizing imaging techniques. Ultrasound is considered as one of the safest and most readily available imaging mode ( Bates, 1999 ) . However, these advantages do non warrant the undermining of the other modes, because restrictions in ultrasound can be overcome by other modes for patient directions. GUT is prone to many diseases in which some of them are life endangering ( Ref ) , patient directions require an efficient method for diagnosing. Sonography plays a great function in this respect. Some of the common GUT diseases: Infection, Glomerular disease, Diseases related to blood circulation:Atherosclerosis can do hypofunction. High blood pressure can take to mortification of the glomeruli. Metabolic disease:chronic nephritic failure, diabetes. Cysts:lone, multiple, inborn Tumors:affects kidney, ureter, vesica and urethra Renal cell carcinoma:Wilm ‘s tumor Bladder tumors Nephritic rocks and urinary piece of land obstructor Survey Purposes: Advantages and disadvantages of US imaging in GUT. Can US be the first mode of pick in GUT imagination? Study Aims: Study the usage of US imaging in GUT. Study the restriction of US imaging in GUT. Accuracy of US imaging for diagnostic intents. Cover the latest engineering in US imagination. Background Ultrasound is a sound wave that can non be heard by human ears, it uses a frequence above 20,000 Hz ( Ref ) . The moving ridges are converted by engineering to enable us to see constructions within our organic structures, which is really utile for medical intents ( Szabo, 2004 ) . Ultrasound attenuates otherwise in human organic structure depending on tissues ‘ fading coefficients, and tissues reflect wave otherwise, in which a assortment of strength and contrast images are produced. Main advantages of ultrasound compared to other modes that justify this survey are: No major known hazard Immediate diagnose or referral for farther scrutiny Readily available Short waiting clip Patient convenience Cost effectual Real clip image Non-invasive Good contrast of soft tissue Can separate between stable and traveling tissue ( Doppler consequence ) Ultrasound scrutiny in GUT has a broad scope of usage. Imaging starts from kidneys down to bladder, urethra, and venereal variety meats. Ultrasound can observe many pathologies and abnormalcies in this system without the demand for farther scrutinies. In fact, some pathology such as obstructors and tumors can be detected without intercessions, while other modes intervene such as utilizing contrast agents ( Ref ) . Other modes used in GUT X-ray utilizations ionizing radiation as the rule of bring forthing radiogram, widely used in initial GUT scrutinies for being convenience and fast with high rate of diagnostic value images ( ref ) . Computed Tomography ( CT ) Scan, uses ionizing radiation as the rule of bring forthing radiogram, widely used for farther scrutiny in GUT system. Produces high-resolution two-dimensional images ( can be reconstructed to 3-dimension ) . Very sensitive in observing different lesions, concretion, obstructor and bleeding. Main concern about utilizing CT is the high radiation dosage to the patient ( Ref ) . Magnetic Resonance Imaging ( MRI ) , uses a strong magnetic field to aline H atoms in the organic structure, pulsations of wireless moving ridges sent to realine and aline H atoms, during this, H atoms let go of energy, which is detected to bring forth great contrast images peculiarly of soft tissue. MRI scan can supply definite reply to uncertain instances because of its superior soft-tissue contrast when other mode can non. The function of MRI in GUT is largely in distinguishing benign lesions from malignant if CT has contraindication to the patient ( Ref ) . Nuclear Medicine Imaging ( NMI ) , Radiopharmaceuticals administered to the patients so that the patient become radioactive, Gamma camera scan the patient and detects gamma beam emitted from the radiation and so concept images from these informations. NMI chiefly used to analyze the map in GUT system and look into the obstructors ( Ref ) . This thesis reviews literature in relation to ultrasound scrutiny in GUT system. Comparing the usage of other mode while look intoing pathology of a patient. Why in some instances ultrasound is the first pick of usage, why it is non in other instances? This paper can heighten the advantages of the scrutiny and reexamine the progresss in this engineering, these can back up patient directions and besides be used in instruction. The inquiry needs to be answered in this survey: is US effectual plenty to be the first pick scrutiny in GUT system issues? What makes it to be the first pick? What makes it non to be? The survey efforts to analyze the conditions in which US scrutiny can supply doubtless replies to indicants. All beginnings that have relevant information will be used, and the chief database hunt will be Medline, CINAHL, Psycinfo, Embase, AMED, PubMed and e-books.

A report for organization expansion into global sector Assignment

A report for organization expansion into global sector - Assignment Example The third section deals with overall strategies that any global firms should take when initializing internationalization processes. The fourth section deals with specific entrant strategies that Clippy should take. The fifth and final section deals with the overall recommendations and conclusions on how Clippy should internationalize. Introduction Clippy bags is a London operation that seems like its time has come. Specializing in customizable bags that may be designed with the individuals’ favorite photographs or print, the bags may become the next big thing. That said, Clippy must roll out a careful globalization plan if it is to capitalize fully on its idea. If it attempts to globalize too soon, in the wrong markets, or with the wrong plan, then it may not be successful in all markets, which might lead to the demise of the company. Further, if it does not partner with domestic firms in the targeted countries, at least at first, then it may succumb to any number of pitfalls that would cause it to fail in that market. These pitfalls range from regulatory hurdles to cultural barriers that are subtle and must be mastered by individuals who are native to that country. The following report recommends the proper strategy for Clippy to use to internationalize. First, it must research countries with the proper analysis of the political, economical, social and technological factors (PEST), along with doing an analysis of the rivals in each country and the relative strength of buyers verses suppliers in each country, using Porter’s Five Forces. From there, it should roll out a gradual strategy of internationalizing, beginning with imports/exports to these countries combined with foreign direct investment. From there, it should gradually establish a presence in each country with a joint venture strategy, followed by a parent-subsidiary strategy, with finally implementing a strategy of opening up retail chains, along with manufacturing and distribution cent ers in these countries. Therefore, the strategy for Clippy is based upon the internationalisation process (IP) model, which states that firms must first acquire market knowledge and gradually internationalize in a series of steps. This reduces the risk that firms take when entering foreign markets. Moreover, countries with smaller cultural distance, as explained below, are the countries that will be the first countries to enter, according to the IP theory, followed by countries with gradually larger cultural distance (Eiche, 2010, p. 6). These are the steps that Clippy should take to ensure success. Exporting and Importing One way that Clippy can get involved on the international stage would be importing/exporting her goods. International trade is important to a growing firm, as it is linked to a firm having higher productivity, a larger size and greater capital intensity then before it begins to export/import (Bernard et al., 2009, p. 514). Further, multi-national companies who eng age in importing and exporting pay higher wages than firms which do not do either of these, and also tend to be the leader in innovation in their respective industry (Bernard et al., 2009, p. 514). Moreover, trading tends to be concentrated in a small number of firms. For instance, Bernard et al. found that the top 1% of firms, in terms of international trading, accounted for 82% of all trades in the United States (Bernard et al., 2009, p. 515). Moreover, while most firms trade only a small percentage of goods to a

United States Federal Tax Law Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

United States Federal Tax Law - Assignment Example United States Federal Tax Law On January 3, 2009, Kathy and Frank Willow got married and entered into a contract with Hive Construction Corporation to build a house for $3,000,000 to be used as their main home. On November 10, 2010, when the outstanding principal balance on the mortgage loan was $2,500,000, the FMV of the property fell to $1,750,000 and Kathy and Frank abandoned the property by permanently moving out. They had made interest payments of $130,000 in 2009 and 2010 and paid $50,000 of principal in each year of those years (2009 and 2010) to bring the mortgage balance from $2,600,000 to $2,500,000 just before the date of abandonment. The lender foreclosed on the property and, on December 5, 2010, sold the property to another buyer for $1,750,000. More than one year after the foreclosure, and after heated negotiations, the couple convinced Outside Lender to cancel the remaining debt. So, on December 26, 2011, the lender canceled the remaining debt owing. Kathy and Frank are filing a joint return for 2011. On December 26 2011, Kathy and Frank had $15,000 in a savings account, household furnishings with an FMV of $17,000, a car with an FMV of $10,000, and $18,000 in credit card debt. The household furnishings originally cost $30,000. The car had been fully paid off (so there was no related outstanding debt) and was originally purchased for $16,000. Kathy and Frank had no adjustments to the cost basis of the car. Kathy and Frank had no other assets. ... Kathy and Frank had no other assets or liabilities at that time, except for the Disputed Amount that remains in dispute. (a) What are the tax consequences to Kathy and Frank, if any, for each year? It should be noted that foreclosure occurred before Kathy and Frank cancelled their debt; therefore, they are liable to gain or loss from the foreclosure. Since they maintained personal liability for the $ 750,000 of the remaining debt, then they were liable to cancellation. Additionally, the insolvency exclusion cannot apply in the Kathy and Frank case since their indebtedness did not qualify for the principal residence (Lyon 64). However, the same could have only applied if their insolvency could have been excluded instead of the indebtedness. Additionally, it should be considered that the remaining part of the debt just before the cancellation did not qualify as principal residence indebtedness since only part of the loan could qualify as the principal indebtedness. Therefore, Kathy and Frank must have ordered for the cancellation. (b) Same as (a) except Hive Construction Corporation financed the purchase of the house for Kathy and Frank and Hive Corporation agreed to reduce the debt to 1,750,000 on December 26 2011 and Kathy and Frank continue to live in the houseand there was no foreclosure in 2010? To this extent, Kathy and Frank do not have the right to elect insolvency exclusion as could be in the case of principle residence exclusion. However, they are liable to apply for the insolvency exclusion to $500,000 for the nonqualified debts since such debt is never qualified as principal residence indebtedness. Kathy and Frank have no tax attribute up to the year 2010 other than the use of basic